Jeyrakh-Assin Reserve
Jeyrakh-Assin Reserve

The Jeyrakh-Assin historical, architectural and natural museum-reserve is located within the boundaries of the Jeyrakh district of the Republic of Ingushetia on the northern slopes of the foothills of the Central part of the Greater Caucasus Range. The reserve was established on June 2, 1988. The area of the reserve is slightly more than 627 square kilometers. The activity of the reserve is aimed at ensuring the preservation, restoration and study of territorial complexes of cultural and natural heritage, material and spiritual values in their traditional historical (cultural and natural) environment. On the territory of the museum-reserve there are 122 ancient architectural complexes, including more than 2,670 objects of cultural significance, including defensive and residential towers, burial crypts, Christian and pagan sanctuaries and temples. The oldest buildings of the megalithic type belong to the middle of the second millennium BC. Every year, significant scientific discoveries are made on the territory of the reserve, new objects are identified, archaeological expeditions are constantly working, scientists from all over the world come. Since 1996, the reserve has been a candidate for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Significant value in the reserve is given to work on creating conditions for the development of organized tourism, its educational and service component.

In 800 m south-east of Tumga there is a small, little-known castle-type tower complex - Hashale, which has a relatively well-preserved 1 semi-combat, 4 residential towers, 1 crypt burial ground.

The local towers were recorded and examined by D.Y. Chakhkiev in 1980, who notes that the complex has 4 tower buildings of the late Middle Ages with various structural details and a dilapidated collective tomb.

In our material, for the first time, a description of the object composition of the complex is given.

Demi-tower No. 1 - dimensions at the base (4*6 m). The building is three-tiered, partially destroyed, the roof is missing, on the east side on the second and third tiers there are two entrances-lazes, the entrance to the first tier is collapsed. The northern side is deaf, on the western and southern sides there are holes-holes, also on the southern side there is a ruined annex with preservation of the base.

Residential tower No. 2 - dimensions at the base (7*14 m) The building is located on the hillside, destroyed and in an extremely emergency condition, the north side is collapsed, the roof is missing, on the east side there is an arched blocky entrance.

Residential tower No. 3 - dimensions at the base (4 * 7 m). Destroyed and in an extremely emergency condition, the roof is absent, on the south side an arched entrance and a manhole have been preserved, the latter is located on the left side above the entrance.

Residential tower No4 - dimensions at the base (8*4.m). Partially destroyed building, the roof is missing, on the north side is buried in the mountainside, on the west side one above the other there are two arched entrances, from the inner part of the southern wall there are niches-deepening and one through hole-laze.

Residential tower No5 - dimensions at the base (10*5 m) Destroyed and extremely emergency building, the roof is missing, the northern and eastern parts are destroyed to the ground.

Crypt burial ground No. 6 - dimensions at the base (3.30 * 3.20 m) Destroyed and extremely emergency building, located on the hillside, the roof - pyramidal step, preserved in half, the eastern and northern parts of the crypt collapsed, on the western and northern sides there are holes.

Field material. It is published in order to protect, preserve and popularize objects of cultural heritage.

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