Jeyrakh-Assin Reserve
Jeyrakh-Assin Reserve

The Jeyrakh-Assin historical, architectural and natural museum-reserve is located within the boundaries of the Jeyrakh district of the Republic of Ingushetia on the northern slopes of the foothills of the Central part of the Greater Caucasus Range. The reserve was established on June 2, 1988. The area of the reserve is slightly more than 627 square kilometers. The activity of the reserve is aimed at ensuring the preservation, restoration and study of territorial complexes of cultural and natural heritage, material and spiritual values in their traditional historical (cultural and natural) environment. On the territory of the museum-reserve there are 122 ancient architectural complexes, including more than 2,670 objects of cultural significance, including defensive and residential towers, burial crypts, Christian and pagan sanctuaries and temples. The oldest buildings of the megalithic type belong to the middle of the second millennium BC. Every year, significant scientific discoveries are made on the territory of the reserve, new objects are identified, archaeological expeditions are constantly working, scientists from all over the world come. Since 1996, the reserve has been a candidate for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Significant value in the reserve is given to work on creating conditions for the development of organized tourism, its educational and service component.

Early Muslim mosques in mountainous Ingushetia are of considerable importance for the history and culture of the region, therefore our institution is actively working on their accounting, inventory and inclusion in the register of identified objects of cultural heritage.

About how Islam penetrated into Ingushetia was mentioned for the first time in history in the eighties of the 16th century. The Georgian Tsarevich Vakhushti Bagrationi in his book "Geography of Georgia", written on the basis of data collected at the end of the seventeenth century, clearly refers the inhabitants of the village of Angusht to Muslims, and even to Sunnis.

In the seventies and nineties of the eighteenth century, male and female Muslim names prevailed in Ingushetia. There were even recorded facts that both individual inhabitants of Ingushetia and entire groups of Ingushetia accepted Islam.

Pyotr Pallas wrote about the fact that the ancestors of the Ingush preferred Islam even at the end of the eighteenth century. Archaeologist Chakhkiev presented data from which it follows that a number of burials dating back to the end of the eighteenth century were discovered on the territory of Ingushetia in its mountainous regions. These burials have all the signs of burials performed according to the rules of Muslim funeral rites, characteristic of Islam.

The process of Islamization of the people of Ingushetia took place in several stages and was complex, affecting all spheres of life, and ended only after such a person as teacher Kunta-Khadji Kishiev appeared on the political arena, who led active propaganda of Islam among the Ingush.

As it was said earlier, as a result of the field work carried out by the museum-reserve staff, early Muslim mosques were revealed on the territory of the tower complexes Egikal, Khamhi, Falkhan, Lyalakh, Verkhniy Pyaling, Nizhniy Kyahk, Tsori, Gershki, Garakh, Kerbi, etc. The locations of these objects were determined, measurements and photofixation were made. The technical condition of some of them is extremely ruined, there are ruined buildings with the preservation of the foundation, and also partially destroyed with the possibility of full restoration.

These ancient mosques were destroyed during the emigration of our people to Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Until 1944 in them they performed namaz, markhi - 1id, g1urban - 1id and ruzba our fathers-mountaineers.

With joint efforts, it is important for us to preserve these Islamic shrines, because these are not only monuments of archeology and architecture, but also the history of our nation and our religion.

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