Jeyrakh-Assin Reserve

300 meters northwest of the tower complex “Gadaborsh” there is a medieval building - temple-sanctuary “Dzorakh-Dyala”.

The base is rectangular. Earlier the building had a gable-stepped roof, today it has not survived. There are two doorways in the southern part of the building. In the western wall there are two triangular window openings and another through hole located near the floor. The eastern wall has a window (narrow on the outside, gradually widening inwards) and two small niches. The thickness of the walls is 60 cm.

The monument is original, first of all, for its closed separate room, the purpose of which is unknown. The large room is divided into a vestibule, a temple and an altar.

This cult structure was discovered and described by L.P. Semyonov and I.P. Shcheblykin. Archaeological clearing of its inner area by M.B. Muzhukhoev in 1976 revealed bones of sacrificial animals, arrowheads and knives in the cultural layer.

M.B. Muzhukhoev dated this monument to the XIII century. Today the preservation of the temple-sanctuary is 40%.

Today the Jeyrakh-Assin Museum-Reserve celebrates its 37th anniversary!

The Jeyrakh-Assin State Historical, Architectural and Natural Museum-Reserve was established on June 2, 1988.

By the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Jeyrakh-Assin Museum-Reserve is included in the list of objects of historical and cultural heritage of federal significance.

The Jeyrakh-Assin Museum-Reserve is located in the Jeyrakh district of Ingushetia - the only mountainous region of the republic and is the largest open-air museum in Russia. On its territory there are over 4000 monuments of antiquity.

The main purpose of the museum-reserve is to protect, preserve and popularize historical and cultural monuments and architectural ensembles of the republic.

The nucleus-shaped mausoleum of “Tovhanti”, a tower estate of the same name, located opposite the “Melleri” complex, on the western slope of the mountain.

The manor consists of 1 two-storey residential tower “Zovr-g1ala”, on the eastern side of which a courtyard is attached and one core-shaped mausoleum, built in the late 18th century and located 15 meters south of the tower. In the southern part of the mausoleum, 20 cm from the ground is a window (45x55 cm).

The condition of the object is satisfactory, there is a partial destruction of the roof top, in the inner part there are traces of ceiling collapse. It has been preserved to its full height.

Mausoleum is a type of funerary structures, monumental memorial ground building.

Nowadays, a mausoleum is a monumental structure with a compartment for storing the remains of the deceased and one or more halls, often used as memorial.

Mausoleums were built not before, but after the death of a person and were erected, as a rule, in honor of major rulers, noble or outstanding, in any field, people.

Different professional level of skill of architects testifies to different periods of construction of mausoleums. It is important to note that, unlike other funerary structures in the North Caucasus, Ingush mausoleums and crypts were built without mortar, and gable and four-pitched roofs were constructed using the false vault technique.

Recently, inspectors of the Jeyrakh-Assinsk Museum-Reserve, accompanied by the head of the border post and three of its employees, made an inspection trip to the previously unrecorded tower complex “Byarch”, located 2 km southwest of the tower settlement “Nyak'ist”, in the closed border zone.

Purpose of the visit: registration, identification, measurement, photo and video recording of cultural heritage objects, as well as description and assessment of their technical condition.

Keli sanctuary is located to the north of Keli settlement and north-west of Kog village, on the southern slope of Tsei-Lam mountain. The building is one-storeyed, half destroyed, rectangular in plan, oriented on a line S-S and earlier had a gable-stepped roof. Thickness of walls 60 cm, masonry polygonal. The sanctuary was discovered and subjected to archaeological excavations by M.B.Muzhekhoev in 1980. Bones of sacrificial animals, arrowheads, earrings, beads and a bell were found inside the sanctuary.

The staff of the museum-reserve, within the framework of the plan of works on identification and registration of previously unrecorded architectural monuments, on the territory of the complex “Nyak'ist” discovered a previously unrecorded ancient monument with the signs of a cultural heritage object.

The revealed object is half-destroyed, located 200 meters south-west of the complex and, presumably, is a sanctuary. As it is known, a sanctuary is a building, premises, which our ancestors used for religious rituals.

The object is made of chiseled gray stone, the thickness of the walls is 50 cm. The preserved height of the walls is from 1.5 m (western wall) to 3 m (south-eastern wall), on the eastern wall there is a doorway - 0.6 m wide and 0.8 m high. The building is one-storeyed, no roof, foundations are present, the area at the base is about 9 square meters. The northern wall is semi-subterranean, the roof was stepped, the sanctuary is located in a dense thicket of woodland, perhaps that is why it has remained so far undiscovered.

Temples-sanctuaries, in distinction from crypt constructions, have doorways. The fact that the preserved building was a sanctuary, say and natives of this complex, who saw it intact in the 50-ies of the last century - after returning from deportation and noted that there were household items, as well as horns and bones of sacrificial animals.

The staff of the museum-reserve monitored two Targim sanctuary temples located 2 km north of Targim settlement, on the mountain slope of the right bank of the Assy River. The monuments are half-destroyed, the preservation is about 20-30%.

The first temple is a building of simple hall composition with one apse and a transverse arch, the pillars of which slightly protrude from the masonry walls. The figures of human silhouettes are preserved on the northern wall. Inside the room is covered with stones.

Near the temple there is a semi-subterranean tomb.

At the second temple only the central part (church) 75-80% is preserved. A distinctive feature of the temple is the presence of an underground crypt tomb, the access to which was built under the western wall of the temple.

The employees of the museum-reserve took measurements of the object and made photo-fixation. The condition of the cult monuments is assessed as extremely critical. Researchers date these monuments X-XI centuries.

A well has been discovered in the Eban tower complex in the mountains of Ingushetia, which has been hidden from human eyes for an unknown number of years or even centuries.

Eban is a tower complex with one combat tower and 12 dwelling towers. It was destroyed during the punitive expedition of tsarist troops into mountainous Ingushetia in 1830. The ruins of the complex can now be seen at the exit from the village of Jeyrakh, near the bridge over the Armkhi River.

On June 20, the first meeting on the preservation of the republic's cultural heritage was held in Magas, organized by a representative of the Renaissance Charitable Foundation.

The event was attended by: T.U. Kodzoev, head of the Committee for State Protection of Cultural Heritage Objects; A.A. Sampiev, acting director of the Jeyrakh-Assinsk Museum-Reserve; heads of contracting organizations; A.G. Mikhailov, general director of complex architectural and restoration projects of “ ACM GROUP” LLC; public figures and others.

The task of the meeting participants was to discuss the progress of works, exchange professional experience and pass on to each other the valuable knowledge and skills they have acquired in the process of work.

They also discussed the observance of deadlines, checking the compliance of works with the project, control over technology, bringing the territory of the complex into proper sanitary condition and its improvement.

The first meeting was an introductory one, during which the participants were able to get to know each other. They determined who would be involved in the project, in what format and where subsequent meetings would take place. These meetings are scheduled on a weekly basis. A plan of joint work was also developed, which we hope will benefit our republic.

A. Sampiev, acting director of the Jeirakh-Assinsk Museum-Reserve, made an inspection visit to the tower complex “Gvezi”, located in the eastern part of the Guloykhi gorge of the Jeirakh district, border zone, 400 meters southeast of “Kasheti”, on a steep mountain slope.

Only one residential tower of the complex has survived to the height of one floor, the rest of the buildings are in a ruined state. There are five underground collective crypt tombs and a necropolis of stone burials within the village. There are petroglyphs on the residential tower of the complex, on the arched stone of the entrance doorway, in the form of 3 handprints - two large and one small.

The complex is little known, rarely visited and difficult to access. Small medieval tower settlements “Agutyr”, ‘Kasheti’, “Oaseg” are located nearby.

Last summer a cemetery with 13 gravestones and 5 early Muslim graves was discovered between Gvezi and Agutyr settlements.